Teen Marriage (and Divorce) :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Teen Marriage (and Divorce) Why would a single young female like me write an essay about marriages and divorces? Well I'll tell you why I wrote it. I chose to write my paper on marriages and divorces because I am very interested in how the lengths of marriages among young adults have changed over the years. I'm also interested in why they divorce at such an early time in their marriage. The age and reason of marrying today has changed dramatically over the years. Many young people today are starting to get married at a very young ages and they're doing it all for the wrong reasons. . So start my research I asked myself, how far back in history have young adults been getting married? About states: In Ancient Rome, girls married between the ages twelve and fourteen as well as some young men married at the age of fourteen also. However, during the middle ages, women married as early as fourteen. But men usually waited until they were well on their feet and able to support themselves as well as a wife. In 1371, the average age for women to marry was 16 and the average for men was 24. However the age changed in the year 1427 to men marry in their mid 30's and marrying women about half their age. (1) However that's when marriages were accepted by society. Today young adults aren't married as young, but their marriage doesn't last as long either. For instance, Macaulay Culkin and his ex wife married both at the age of 17, but they ended up getting a divorce with him at the age of 19 and her at the age of 20. Their marriage only lasted for 2 years after they found out that their love for each other was really just a fling. I don't think that they should have been thinking about marriage at that age and point in their lives. They both had their own busy lives which they had already planned out what they wanted to happen. I'm sure neither of them had included the part about getting married at the age of 17. 1 also think that they really weren't as ready as they thought they were. They probably figured that because they feel that they are in love that they should just go ahead and take that extra step and get married to be with each for the rest of their lives, which didn't turn out that way.

National Cranberry Cooperative Case

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In the current scenario, the major bottlenecks in the system are the drying units for wet berries and the berry separation lines. While the drying units’ capacity can be increased by purchasing additional units, the throughput of the system will still be limited by the limitation of the separation lines. If the average rate of inflow of berries is 1500bbl/hr, then with the effective separation capacity of 1200bbl/hr, the plant will incur a backlog of 300bbl/hr. If the shift start times stay as it is, and the processing divisions start four hours after the receiving division, the truckers toward the end of the day will have to wait, since the cumulative backlog caused by processing will exhaust the bin storage capacity. The wait times for the truckers can be reduced by converting some of the dry bins to wet bins. However, this measure will not completely eliminate the trucker wait times. The best solution is to acquire one additional drying unit and advancing the processing shift from 11AM to 8AM. The backlog per hour of 300bbl/hr (due to the separation unit), will be manageable by the available storage capacity in the bins, even without converting the bins. The truckers will not have to wait to offload the berries. The accumulated backlog of berries can be processed in approximately 3. 75 hours after the end of scheduled 12 working hours. With the new expected ratio of wet to dry berries (7:3), not adding an additional drying unit will require the plant to work 9 extra hours to eliminate the backlog. The cost benefit of adding the additional drying unit and advancing the shift start time are higher than the cost benefit of other options considered. THE COMPANY The Receiving Plant I (RPI) of National Cranberry Cooperative (NCC) processes both wet and dry cranberries in a highly mechanized process involving 400 workers during peak season. The processed berries are sold in bulk and bags. PROBLEM STATEMENT NCC is currently wrestling with both runaway overtime costs as well as long waiting time for delivery trucks. PROCESS FLOW The process flow diagram is attached as Exhibit A ANALYSIS From Figure E in the case Delivery begins at 7 AM Processing begins at 11 AM Average Truck per day20/ hour Average load per truck75 bbl Average load per hour1500 bbl Expected split between dry and wet typesDry -30% Wet- 70% Cranberries Delivered Wet768600 Dry1065420 Color 134460 Color 2401080 Color 31398480 Total Pounds1834020 Total No. of trucks243 Time Interval729 Average Truck per day243/12 = 20 per hour Plant capacity and demand ReceivingDryWetTotal Average Receiving per hour (bbls)45010501500 Accumulated berries during 4 hour period (bbls)180042006000 Maximum bin storage capacity (bbls)400032007200 Excess/ Shortage (bbls)2200-10001200 Destone/ Dechaff/Dry Maximum Destoning capacity per hour(bbls)450004500 Excess/ Short over average receiving rate per hour(bbls) for destoning 405004050 Maximum Deschaffing capacity per hour(bbls)150030004500 Excess/ Short over average receiving rate per hour(bbls) for deschaffing 105019503000 Maximum Drying Capacity per hour(bbls)0600600 Excess/Shortage over average receiving rate per hour(bbls) for drying (=600-1050)0-450-450 Quality GradingCombined for Dry & Wet Average Separator line capacity per hour(bbls) (3Ãâ€"400)1200 Average receiving by separator line (600 wet + 450 dry)1050 Average receivings when there are no bottlenecks in the system1500 Excess/ Short over average receiving rate per hour(bbls)-300 1. While the receiving starts at 7. 00 am, the processing starts at 11. 00 am (from Figure E in the case). Accumulated wet berries till the plant starts (1100) is 4200 bbl, about 1000 more than the capacity of wet storage bin. This is the first bottleneck in the system which would cause morning queues of the delivery trucks. This shortage could be eliminated by converting some of the dry bins to wet bins. However, as will be seen, the downstream bottlenecks will still cause the converted bin capacity to be wanting. 2. There are two limitations on throughput for Receiving Plant 1. For wet cranberries, throughput is limited by the Dryer capacity to 600 bbl/hr. In terms of total throughput of RP1, the limitation is on separating capacity at 1200 bbl/hr. At the drying unit, the total processing rate of wet berries falls short of the arrival rate (1050 bbl/hr) by 450 bbl/hr. The solution is to either increase the overtime hours, purchase additional dryers or a combination of both. Option I: No dryers are purchased and overtimes are added: Total received per day (12 hrs)Accumulation till 7. 00 pm if processing start at 11. 00 amProcessing in a day (12 hrs)Additional hours reqd #Additional overtime cost* per peak Peak Season (09/20 – 10/9) wet12x1050=126004200+8*450=7800600Ãâ€"12= 72009 hours for processing USD 9*36*6*20= 38880 dry12x450=54001800 + 8*0=1800600Ãâ€"12= 72000 hours # (shortfall in wet berry processing capacity/processing speed) (12600-7200)/600= 9 hours * staff need to be hired in shipping(15 workers for one additional hour), dechaffing (one worker), milling(15) and shipping units (20) ** overtime charges @ USD 6. 00 per worker per hour Thus dry berries are processed in full while there is considerable backlog in wet berries which will necessitate 9 hours of overtime but still would not able to avoid truckers’ queues. If the some of the dry bins are converted to wet bins to maximize the wet capacity to about 5400 bbl, it will reduce the wait times for the truckers, but not completely eliminate it. As a result the receiving department will have to work over their scheduled 12 hour shift. Option II: One dryer is purchased and overtimes are added: Considering that the separator capacity is 1200 bbl/hour, we can at present add only one dryer line which will enhance the drying capacity to 800 bbl / hr. Let us consider a scenario where wet is processed at 800bbl/hr and dry at 400 per hour Total received per day (12 hrs)Accumulation till 7. 0 pm if processing starts at 11. 00 amAccumulation till 7. 00 pm if processing starts at 8. 00 amProcessing in a day (12 hrs)Additional hours reqd #Additional overtime cost* per peak season (09/20 – 10/9) wet12x1050=126004200+8*350=70001050+8*250=3050800Ãâ€"12= 96003. 75$ 810*20 days= $ 16200 dry12x450=54001800+8*50=2200450+8*50= 650400Ãâ€"12= 48000. 00 # (sh ortfall in processing capacity/processing speed) (12600-7200)/600= 9 hours * staff need to be hired in shipping(15 workers for one additional hour), deschaffing (one worker), milling(15) and shipping units (20) ** overtime charges @ USD 6. 0 per worker per hour Thus dry berries are processed in full while there is considerable backlog in wet berries which will necessitate 3. 75 hours of overtime. If we continue to start the processing shift at 11 am we wouldn’t be able to avoid truckers’ queues because of shortage in bin capacity. However, we start the shift at 8. 00 am, this can be avoided to a large extent Option III: No dryers are purchased and overtimes are added: Let us consider another scenario in which wet is processed at 1000bbl/hr (i. e. two additional dryers) and dry at 200 per hour Total received per day (12 hrs)Accumulation till 7. 0 pm if processing starts at 11. 00 amAccumulation till 7. 00 pm if processing starts at 8. 00 amProcessing in a day (12 hrs)Ad ditional hours reqd #Additional overtime cost* per peak season (09/20 – 10/9) wet12x1050=126004200+8*50=46001050+8*50=14501000Ãâ€"12= 120003. 0$ 648*20= $12960 dry12x450=54001800+8*250=3800450+8*250= 2450200Ãâ€"12= 24000. 0 # (shortfall in processing capacity/processing speed) (12600-7200)/600= 9 hours * staff need to be hired in shipping(15 workers for one additional hour), deschaffing (one worker), milling(15) and shipping units (20) ** overtime charges @ USD 6. 0 per worker per hour EVALUATION OF LIGHT METER SYSTEM In 1980, 75 cent premium was paid per bbl on about 450,000 bbls of berries of which about 225,000 turned out to be not of high quality. This cost the company $168,750. We presume that this is also the cost incurred by the company every year. Since the cost of installation is $20,000 plus hiring of a full time skilled operator. Cost of operator = $6. 50/hourx2000 hours per year=$13,000 per year Savings to the company excluding onetime cost of $20,000 = $155750 RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The company needs to purchase one additional dryer @ cost of 40,000 else it would have to spend $38880/ year in additional overtime. Considering the capital cost and the overtime spent ($16200), the additional expenditure can thus be recouped in less than two years. The last option of two dryers would lead to only marginal savings in additional overtime ($3240/year) over the option of buying one dryer. 2. The processing of berries of berries should start at 8. 00 am instead of current 11. 00 am to prevent shortage of bin capacity. . The limitation in separation capacity is serious and measures need to be taken to overcome it. For this, either the capacity of the system needs to be added or the quality of berries needs to be improved so that the separation system can work at its peak capacity of 450bbl/hour/line. However, without further indications on the cost of additional separation units it is not possible to conduct cost-benefit analysis. 4. In view of the substantial cost saving s, the company should buy the light meter system.

Everlasting Changes During the Enlightenment - 1512 Words

The Enlightenment marked the beginning of a revolution that began to utilize reason to base knowledge and truth. It was a new way of thinking and interpreting people and societies. Encompassing over seventy years, the Enlightenment spread drastically throughout the world, motivated by improving intellect and the human society. Scholars congregated at coffeehouses to debate and further their learning in a far less formal many than institutions. Enlightenment thinkers were a unique group intolerant of church and state and sought out to establish an improved way of life. Reason based science and religion were major controversial components of the Enlightenment. These two topics were discussed and debated constantly as conflicting ideologies and beliefs took shape. Influential scientists such as Aristotle and Nicholas Copernicus provided remarkable advances in the field of science. The Enlightenment period experienced immense changes in our view of the world that left everlasting effects to this day. As the Enlightenment began to flourish throughout the western world, the literacy of humans also took flight. This was one of the most powerful facilitators for expansion of the enlightenment. â€Å"Cafes were one of the new settings in which literate elites could discuss the â€Å"new philosophy†- what we now call â€Å"enlightenment philosophy† (Noble, Strauss, Osheim 551). Cafes were used as congregation sites for intellectual thought and debate. The enlightenment was unique as it didn’tShow MoreRelatedLiterature Analysis Essay703 Words   |  3 Pages Personal Observations of the Work The work of literature that I chose to do my initial observations on is a poem written by Phillis Wheatley, called â€Å"To S.M., a Young African Painter, on Seeing his Works.† This poem was written during the enlightenment period. I particularly chose this poem because I always had an interest in reading about African literature and how over time equal rights for everyone became a success. Upon reading this poem, which was slightly difficult to understandRead MoreNiccolo Machiavellis Change In The Scientific Revolution And Secularism Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesThe time period between 1500 and 1900 marked several important changes in Western thought. During this period, the Western world underwent several important â€Å"revolutions† including the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, the Scientific Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution. Political revolutions, triggered by Enlightenment ideas, also occurred in America, France, and Haiti. Supported by a new interest in the Greco-Roman world, as well as the secularism and humanism movements, many began questioningRead MoreRationality in Humans Essay793 Words   |  4 Pagesown believes, their own strategies, and their own establishments. Nothing is forever. History portrays people going against the accepted ideologies. It shows the everlasting change of the society. First, they thought that God was the explanation to everything. A century later, they started doubting the Bible. The period of Enlightenment embraced rationality. People believed that they could explain anything, either through science or through religion. They believed in the capability of their own specieRead MoreA Masterpiece Of Olfactory Art992 Words   |  4 Pagesemphasizing the tribute to a timeless icon. Indeed, Chanel no. 5 does not need Andy Warhol to be consecrated an everlasting legend, but has been chosen as the subject of artworks by the founder of pop art, it has certainly underlined and supported this timeless ta le. Undoubtedly, the marketing strategies with which Chanel No. 5 has been advertised over the years have perpetuated the legend of an everlasting icon. Actress of the caliber of Nicole Kidman, Carole Bouquet, and Catherine Deneuve had lent their imageRead MoreReligious Practices And Beliefs Of The Catholic Church1327 Words   |  6 Pagesseeking truth through logic, reason, and thinking known as The Age of Enlightenment. Moreover, transitions in religious thought for the truth behind religion facilitated the birth of an age of progress, freedom of thought, and rationality known as The Age of Enlightenment. This period of time entailed eighteenth century thought (other than religion) in which intellectuals emphasized reason and bettering society – making the Enlightenment an international, cosmopolitan movement. â€Å"Armed with the properRead MoreThe Fashion Design Of Chanel990 Words   |  4 Pagesthe tribute to a timeless icon. Indeed, Chanel no. 5 does not need Andy Warhol to be consecrated as an everlasting legend, but has been chosen as the subject of artworks by the founder of pop art, it has certainly underlined and supported its timeless tale. Undoubtedly, the marketing strategies with which Chanel No. 5 have been advertised over the years have perpetuated the legend of an everlasting icon. High caliber actresses such as Nicole Kidman, Carole Bouquet, and Catherine Deneuve had lent theirRead MoreSiddhartha Analysis Paper1322 Words   |  6 Pagesleaves his overbearing father â€Å"to begin the life of the Samanas† (Hesse 10). There, he escapes from the physical world to soon realize that enlightenment cannot come from ignoring the world around him. He decides to follow the Buddha and learn his teachings; however, he is unsuccessful. As Siddhartha goes through his unaccompanied journey towards Enlightenment, he comes to realize that he must let his loved ones go and â€Å"that each man must find the way by himself† (Malthaner 3). Foolishly, he fallsRead MoreThe New American Literature : The Period Of Romanticism Essay1265 Words   |  6 Pagesknown as the Enlightenment and it encouraged logic over emotion an d self-governance. Wanting to become an independent, unique nation, they began to establish a new way of thinking, known as the romantic way of thinking. It is said that [i]t was a revolt against established order, especially that which was established by the enlightenment, which shows the rebellious nature of people of this time and how badly they wanted to be different (Romanticism). Along with the Enlightenment, the AmericanRead MoreBuddhism: Past and Present Essay665 Words   |  3 Pageswhen he reached enlightenment which is defined as the perfect insight to the process of the universe, after this process he began to preach his beliefs to mass groups of people and began to attract a diverse audience (McKay, 2012). His teachings of concise human analysis and human condition were attractive to crowds as it was a change from the rigid social structure of North India at the time, it allowed people from every walks of life be accepted(Namgyal Monastery Institute). During his first massRead MoreThe Reflection Of Faith And Faith954 Words   |  4 Pages Without doubt, there would not be faith. The stereotypical faith is founded on the idea of believing without seeing. However, that philosophy leads to a weak and vulnerable faith. Doubt creeps into all aspects of life and ultimately changes the very core life. Changing one element in an ecosystem can directly impact all elements of life connected to the effected one. The naturally occurring doubt has the power to potentially alter an entire belief system. Thus leading to doubt being able to form